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hydroxydopamine OHDA is a selective catecholaminergic
2024-09-29

6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) is a selective catecholaminergic neurotoxin mainly used to generate lesions in the nigrostriatal pathway in rats (Ungerstedt, 1968). The most common use of 6-OHDA is via unilateral injection into the rat medial forebrain bundle (MFB). DA depletion, nigral DA cell loss, and
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The synthetic route for the aminobenzoxazole scaffold with a
2024-09-28

The synthetic route for the aminobenzoxazole scaffold with a solvent accessible moiety is described in . Nitration of methoxyphenol and subsequent hydrogenation of the resulting nitro SC 560 afforded compound . Aminobenzoxazole was formed by the reaction of compound with BrCN in EtOH. The solvent
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br Materials and methods br Results and
2024-09-28

Materials and methods Results and discussion In our previous studies (Matarneh et al., 2017), mitochondria were mechanically disrupted and separated into supernatant and pellet fractions by centrifugation. The causative agent for enhnced glycolytic flux was shown to be a protein that resides i
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br Conclusion br Acknowledgements br Introduction Synapses
2024-09-28

Conclusion Acknowledgements Introduction Synapses are the fundamental elements of neuronal networks that enable the processing, encoding, and retrieval of information in the brain, and pathological disruptions in synapse structure are broadly held to underlie the development of neurological
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The isoelectric point of CL ARG was determined by
2024-09-28

The isoelectric point of CL-ARG was determined by native IEF at a 94 7 gradient in the range (3–10) using standard protein markers with known isoelectric points. Native IEF reveals the presence of only one major band for CL-ARG with a slightly neutral-basic pI value of about 7.7. The calculated pI
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br A and tau in
2024-09-28

Aβ and tau in Alzheimer's disease The two classical histopathological hallmarks of AD are extracellular insoluble Aβ deposits, known as Aβ plaques, and intracellular accumulations of insoluble microtubule-associated tau protein, known as neurofibrillary tangles [14]. Aβ peptides are produced as a
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Phenyl sulfate br Introduction Alzheimer s disease AD is a
2024-09-28

Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder and the leading cause of dementia. It is characterized by progressive and irreversible damage to different Phenyl sulfate areas, resulting in cognitive impairment and behavioral changes (O'Neill, 2013, De Strooper and Karran,
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Quercetin br Development of lorlatinib from crizotinib to a
2024-09-28

Development of lorlatinib from crizotinib (1) to a clinical candidate (6) Xalkori (1, PF-02341066, crizotinib), was the first-in-class ALK inhibitor approved by the Unites States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2011 as a first-line treatment for ALK+- NSCLC patients. This section describes
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Adiponectin is an adipokine whose circulating level is deple
2024-09-28

Adiponectin is an adipokine whose circulating level is depleted in a number of metabolic diseases including insulin resistance, diabetes and cancer (Khan et al., 2015, Singh et al., 2014a, Singh et al., 2014b, Yamauchi et al., 2014). Despite its importance in health and pathophysiology, adiponectin
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Lipotoxicity is the accumulation of excess lipids in non
2024-09-28

Lipotoxicity is the accumulation of excess lipids in non-adipose tissues that leads to cell dysfunction or cell death. It may play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, and contributes to the rate of progression of CKD [7,8]. Emerging evidence indicates that renal lipid dysregulation is
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Protein blast analysis of the sequence of globin
2024-09-27

Protein blast analysis of the sequence of globin-B with those of other NU 1025 suggests that the globin-B domain in the HemAC-Lm displays only 6% identity and 34% similarity with that of cytoglobin/neuroglobin (Fig. 2). Furthermore, SWISS-MODEL protein modeling also predicts that the His311 is the
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Diabetes or inflammation is associated with up regulation
2024-09-27

Diabetes or inflammation is associated with up-regulation of A2AAR (Pang et al., 2010). High levels of A2AARs are found in macrophages and microglial cells that are poised, on activation, to abrogate the immune response (Trincavelli et al., 2008). In addition, hyperglycemia is associated with increa
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br The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sp
2024-09-27

The Molecular Machinery of Autophagy and Regulation by Sphingolipids Sphingolipid-Mediated Autophagy in Cancer: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved stress response that typically promotes survival and antagonizes apoptosis. However, excessive autophagy was found to
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Why do glutamate and glycine
2024-09-27

Why do glutamate and glycine bind to the selonsertib in such different ways? Given the overall structural similarity between the GluN2A and GluN1 LBDs, one might conclude that the LBDs also bind ligands via similar processes. NMDA receptors with engineered disulfide linkages that lock the GluN1 lob
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ARQ 621 Beside estrogen several classes of compounds have
2024-09-27

Beside estrogen, several ARQ 621 of compounds have shown significant neuroprotective efficacy when administered shortly after the induction of animal models of stroke, including glutamate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and zinc chelators [25], [26], [27]. Effects of these or other neuroprotective agent
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