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br Experimental procedure br Introduction Migraine
2023-07-28

Experimental procedure Introduction Migraine is a debilitating neurovascular disorder characterized by recurring unilateral pulsating headaches of moderate to severe intensity, associated with nausea, photophobia and/or phonophobia, lasting from 4 to 72 h (Headache Classification Committee of
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br Conflict of interest statement br
2023-07-28

Conflict of interest statement Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a highly complex process characterized by an increased number of epithelial and stromal SKF 81297 hydrobromide in the transition zone. , , Autopsy studies by McNeal detail the evolution of histological changes within these 2 c
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The synthesis and secretion of adrenal androgens is
2023-07-28

The synthesis and secretion of adrenal androgens is apparently unique to humans and nonhuman primates, and requires the expression of key mediators such as CYP17 [26]. Endocrine control of CYP17 expression in rhesus monkeys is comparable to that in humans [27]. An analysis of baboon cDNA for CYP17 s
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The present study indicates elevated
2023-07-28

The present study indicates elevated ATX activity as a highly sensitive and specific biomarker to differentiate ICP from other pregnancy-related liver disorders or pruritic dermatoses. In kras-pdeδ inhibitor to the current gold standard for diagnosis, total fasting serum bile salt levels, ATX appea
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Since innate immune responses represent the first defense ag
2023-07-28

Since innate immune responses represent the first defense against incoming infectious microorganisms, they are particularly engaged during the early stages of viral infections. Many innate defense mechanisms rely on the engagement of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) which are conserved, germ lin
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br Conflicts of interest br Introduction Phosphatidic
2023-07-28

Conflicts of interest Introduction Phosphatidic elastase phosphatase (PAP) enzymes are responsible for catalyzing the reaction that dephosphorylates phosphatidic acid (PA), which in turn produces diacylglycerol (DAG) and a phosphate group during phospholipid regulation (Fig. 1A) [1]. Subseque
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The phylogenetic relationship demonstrates that both bovine
2023-07-28

The phylogenetic relationship demonstrates that both bovine and porcine 12/15-LO is more related to the human enzyme than the rabbit enzyme, despite the fact that the rabbit reticulocyte enzyme is a 15-lipoxygenase. The rabbit is one single species that expresses a 12/15 LO with 15-LO activity while
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br Mechanisms of homeostasis At face value homeostatic
2023-07-28

Mechanisms of homeostasis At face value, homeostatic mechanisms may seem like nothing more than a simple balance between opposing forces; however, the ability of Mec1/Tel1 to each orchestrate both negative and positive regulation greatly complicates the system under consideration and argues again
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It is now well established that the cumulative exposure to
2023-07-28

It is now well established that the cumulative exposure to endogenous estrogens throughout a woman's life, mainly due to her reproductive history, has an impact on the risk of hormone-dependent breast cancer (Lambertini et al., 2016). Prolonged exposure to estrogens in the case of early age at menar
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Introduction Cytochrome P CYP aromatase catalyzes the conver
2023-07-28

Introduction Cytochrome P450 19 (CYP19; aromatase) catalyzes the conversion of androgens to estrogens in a three-reaction sequence, where each step depends on NADPH and O2 [[1], [2], [3]]. The first two steps are accepted to be hydroxylations of the steroid C19 methyl group, whereas the final step
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As regards LEPR Sun et al showed
2023-07-28

As regards LEPR, Sun et al. showed that the rs1137101-223A > G polymorphism influences the effectiveness of simvastatin on plasma HDL-C levels in CHD patients [35]. In accordance with the results of García-Bermúdez et al., however, no such an association exists between leptin rs2167270 (G > A) polym
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Plant defensins are cysteine rich cationic peptides
2023-07-28

Plant defensins are cysteine-rich cationic peptides of 5–8 kDa whose mature domain comprises 45 to 54 amino Pazopanib residues, with an isoelectric point around 9. The global fold of plant defensins consists of a cysteine-stabilized motif (CSα/β) made up of an α-helix and a triple-stranded β-sheet
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br Mechanism of action In general the main
2023-07-28

Mechanism of action In general, the main targets for antifungal drug development are cell wall polymer (glucans, chitin, mannoproteins), cell membrane (especially ergosterol) biosynthesis, DNA and protein synthesis (topoisomerases, nucleases, elongation factors and myristoylation), and signal tra
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br HIF Blockade in AA Therapy
2023-07-28

HIF-α Blockade in AA Therapy In lieu of the evidence supporting a central role for HIF-α signaling in tumor angiogenesis and CC pathobiology, significant efforts have focused on the discovery of small-molecule HIF-α inhibitors (for exhaustive compendia, see [28,44,45]). In brief, inhibitors vary
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Cellular detoxification is an important process
2023-07-28

Cellular detoxification is an important process that helps remove excess oxidants from the cellular environment through endogenous antioxidants or other molecules capable of reduction. One of the key regulators of antioxidant production is the transcription factor, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived
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